This paper considers the issue of taking into account institutional factors when performing diagnostics (analysis, research) of the activities and performance of an industrial enterprise.

   The relevance of the study is explained by the fact that the position and functioning of modern business entities in any industry market are not limited to traditional (classical) political economy.

   At the moment, the rapid development of entrepreneurship is due to institutional factors. Based on the review of foreign and domestic scientific literature, several approaches to the interpretation of the term “institute” are given. It is proposed to consider and take into account institutional factors from the point of view of the existence of an institutional environment in the business environment. In addition, the approach to the allocation of such an element as a “sub-environment” in the institutional environment is justified. The paper identifies four such sub-environments, namely: socio-economic, political and legal, investment and innovation, and information and analytical. The influence of each of the selected sub-environments on an industrial enterprise is explained by the presence and content of certain institutional factors. Thus, it is concluded that when analyzing (diagnosing) the activities of an industrial enterprise, it is necessary to take into account the presence and influence of various institutional factors of the modern institutional environment. Ultimately, this will help in solving various problems in the management of the object, as well as in taking managerial actions.

   Based on the analysis of special literature on the problem under study, we clarified the content of public goods. The features of the analysis of public goods, supply and demand in this specific segment of the market within the framework of such basic schools and directions of economic thought as classical political economy, economics of Marxism, marginalism, neoclassical economic theory, paradigms of institutional and neoinstitutional economic theory, post-neoclassical political economy are considered. The classification of public goods has been supplemented according to such characteristics as the segmentation of public goods, sources of financing and the temporary nature of consumption of public goods, their innovativeness, social efficiency and resistance to the situation of a macroeconomic crisis. It has been determined that, all other things being equal, the most preferable are non-segmented or segmented according to clearly established criteria public goods, innovative both in form and content, but at the same time the most understandable and accessible for specific end recipients, maximized in a situation of prolonged macroeconomic crisis, which are socially effective in both the short and long term. It was revealed that pure public goods in relation to the operation of public transport in the process of mass motorization are transformed into mixed goods, which, in turn, retain the property of non-exclusion, but differ in their competitiveness in consumption.

   This article deals with labor relations between an employee and an employer. The analysis is done on the example of Tatarstan Republic. The paper includes definition of the psychological contract as a form of labor relations, highlights its classification. The basis of practical research is survey. Creation of estimation scale was based on researches of such scientists as S.L. Robinson, D.M. Rousseau, T. Judge, R. Eisenberger, P. Podsakoff, S. MacKenzie and etc. Questionnaire and assessment scale were designed for analysis of employee satisfaction, working conditions and other factors. The presented methodology was tested on region’s organization representatives. Two types of phycological contract were found on cohort. The paper outlines their features. In accordance with researches of outlined scientist the relational type of phycological contract experiences a greater level of organization’s support. The results of the Republic of Tatarstan study showed the opposite, which is explained by factors such as the features of the Russian mentality and of selected sample of the study.

   The global climate and environmental challenges that the world economy is currently facing require a transformation of approaches to management and doing business, form new markets and imply a change in public consciousness. In these conditions, there is a need to create an infrastructure that meets the requirements of environmentally friendly, responsible consumption. The economic model of most regions of the world is not able to involve resources in re-circulation. A number of well-known scientists from the second half of the twentieth century have been drawing attention to the issues of ensuring the rational use of resources, changing approaches to consumption due to the high growth rates of the world’s population. Scientifically-based forecasts indicate that there are limits to the growth of consumption volumes, this can turn into tragic consequences for humanity. One of the solutions in this situation is the transition to the principles of a circular economy, which assumes a careful attitude to resources, achieving zero waste generation and involving resources in secondary circulation in the natural or economic environment. In this regard, the formation of approaches to the analysis of the influence of environmental factors within the framework of the transition of the region to the principles of the circular economy on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan becomes relevant.

   Due to the importance of digitalization processes in the system of strategic and sustainable development of national economies, attention to digital technologies integrated into the eco-environment of territorial systems is beginning to acquire an almost comprehensive character, both on the part of state authorities, and on the part of the business community, households. This is due to many aspects related both to the needs of producing investments in the economy within the framework of new mechanisms and points (technological order) of their attraction and ending with the need to improve the quality of life of the population, in particular, by ensuring the criterion of equal access to services and goods in the consumer sector (the concept of inclusive development of territories). This issue is of particular relevance for developing countries seeking to actively increase their strategic competitive potential, including using and applying various kinds of mechanisms to
stimulate the development of the IT sector. It is no coincidence that the strategic vector of the development of the Russian economy is focused today on strengthening the potential and configuring the system of productive factors that stimulate the digitalization of economic processes. This article is devoted to the desire to substantiate this approach in a regional context, through the prism of descriptive research methods.

   The subject of the study is the relationship regarding the development of an inclusive model of regional development in the context of digitalization and the increasing imbalance of social, economic and institutional systems.

   Based on the review and systematization of the effects caused by the activation of the processes of digitalization of economic relations, the relevance of this tool in the range of mechanisms for stimulating inclusive economic growth in the region is substantiated.

   Tax consulting becomes of great importance in the conditions of qualitative development of tax administration. The increased digitalization of the activities of tax authorities, the increase in the analytical component of pre-verification analysis, the successful implementation of a risk-based approach in the activities of tax authorities lead to the need to revise the principles of interaction between tax authorities and taxpayers. Despite a significant decrease in the number of tax audits, each of them ends with a certain shock for economic entities. In this regard, taxpayers are aware that the possibilities of tax authorities for collecting and analyzing information are very wide and they need fundamentally new methods of organizing tax accounting and assessing the tax environment. As a rule, most taxpayers are not able to assess their digital portrait, which has developed based on the risk profiles in the system of tax authorities. In tax consulting, it is important to understand the
risk criteria and the dynamics of the taxpayer’s indicators that have developed in the tax authority in order to predict actions against a particular taxpayer. Tax consulting in the context of the digital transformation of tax administration acquires a different meaning, the risk-oriented approach used in the activities of tax authorities leads to the need for taxpayers to develop adequate models of behavior and interaction with tax authorities, the center of gravity of tax consulting shifts from solving problems based on the results of tax audits to the level of business planning and assessment of the tax environment.

   The object of the research is a course in financial management, taught entirely in a distance learning format.

   The subject of the research is the administrative aspect of teaching this discipline.

   The research was carried out by interviewing students. In total, 46 students took part in the survey, 61 % of them were undergraduate students, 39 % were graduate students. Among the respondents, the share of foreign students was 15 %. We identified the following parameters for assessing the administrative aspect of training in a discipline: ease of learning a financial management course remotely, audibility of the teacher, visibility of the materials being demonstrated, ease of making notes / notes during training, the ability to ask questions to the teacher, quality of presentations and materials accompanying training, pace of training. 85 % of the listeners highly appreciated the convenience of remotely learning the financial management course, on average, the rating of audibility was 9,26 points, and visibility was 9.39 points out of 10 possible. The quality of presentations and accompanying material was assessed as high - an average of 9.8 points for all respondents. 82 % of students found it very convenient to form records in the learning process. 93 % of students considered the pace of learning to be normal, a small number noted the pace of learning as too fast or too slow. 100 % of the students answered that they had the opportunity to ask a question to the teacher. The study showed that students highly appreciated the administrative aspect of distance learning in the course “financial management”.

   The article deals with marketing research from the point of view of project management in the field of real estate and related work. Marketing research of the real estate market is the basis for making a decision on the feasibility of developing a property. They are carried out during the development of the concept of real estate objects, being the basic stage for further work on its assessment and promotion on the market. The specificity of the developer’s activities to combine marketing and design activities at different stages of the implementation of an innovative project is considered. The main feature and result of the work is a flexible model for the implementation of project activities, depending on the idea of the preferences and expectations of the consumer in the real estate industry. The methodological provisions and recommendations for the preservation and development of commercial real estate through the implementation of marketing programs are presented. A set of measures is considered for making effective management decisions that allow preserving and fully realizing the potential of real estate objects through their most efficient use, taking into account the fulfillment of security obligations. The importance of the marketing competence of the company in the real estate market is substantiated, the conceptual approach and the use of elements to improve the efficiency of the marketing activities of the real estate agency are also considered.

   In this work, economic and statistical functions are built, reflecting the positive sustainable impact of the human development index of the leading countries of the world on the intensity of investments in research and innovation and the share of innovative products in the structure of industrial production of the leading countries of the world, which made it possible to confirm the conclusion about the direct and close nature of the relationship between the processes of human capital formation and the development of innovative individuals. The main models of the formation of innovative personalities are highlighted: American, German, Japanese, Chinese, South Asian, and Latin American. It is shown that the most preferable for the Russian Federation would be a synthesis of the German and South Asian models of the formation of an innovative person, combining regional and cluster approaches to the problem under study. The main problems of the formation of innovative personalities are highlighted, such as social and information inequality, insufficient level of innovation culture, problems of development of the health care system, the complexity of effective cooperation and integration in the field of innovation, corruption and insufficient interaction between the state and private business in the field of innovation. It has been substantiated that the interaction of human capital and the development process of innovative individuals is of a dialectical, mutually reinforcing, cyclical nature: creating conditions for the development and improvement of innovative individuals, the human capital system in the state thereby provides, increasing the role and importance of innovative individuals in economic development , an increase in opportunities for own expanded reproduction in the long run – due to an increase in tax revenues provided, other things being equal, on the basis of economic growth caused by factors of innovative modernization, as well as a result of an increase in the net cash flow of private companies that attract innovative individuals and providing, on this basis, the activation and improvement of the efficiency of production and innovation activities.

   The development of a wide range of technologies in precision medicine based on the achievements of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics requires a well-developed mathematical apparatus and appropriate methods for processing big medical data. Two technological breakthroughs – decoding of the human genome and the fourth industrial revolution have opened a new era of healthcare development – the era of personalized partner medicine, which is built not only on omix technologies, but is also impossible without digital medicine. In parallel, there was a transition from microarrays to the so-called high-throughput genomewide sequencing, the entire set of DNA contained in a single cell, cell populations or communities of organisms is examined and the work of all genes is analyzed simultaneously. New experimental technologies generate huge amounts of data, which can only be analyzed by bioinformatics methods, which are based on the synthesis of biological and mathematical knowledge. Such approaches to processing large digital arrays of biomedical information have not been used anywhere before and can become a very popular trend at the intersection of areas. The authors of this article tried to lay the conceptual foundations for the formation of a methodology for multivariate analysis of big data of the human physiome and exposome.

   The prevailing modern socio-economic environment is unthinkable without the competent and careful use of human capital and time resources. In the work of any company, the primary economic resource is the time of all employees. Business risks that are larger for the company depend on time. The gradual increase in the volume of labor activity and the search for temporary resources to solve emerging problems are the reason for the chaotic nature of the decision measures taken and the superficial approach in the management system of these organizations. The article analyzes the main elements of the structure of “time management”. The most popular methods of planning activities to improve the efficiency of tasks are described. Differences between “personal time management” and “corporate time management” are considered.

   The main purpose of the described work is to improve the quality of work and personal life of a person by using the tools of “time management”.

   The methods of time planning described in the article will allow in the future to prioritize in solving everyday problems, to influence the increase in concentration on the really important components of life, which is directly related to the reduction of stressful situations and the improvement of the process of professional activity and leisure time after working hours.

   The article is devoted to the study of differences in the use of Internet technologies in Russia and the United States through the context of cultures.

   The relevance of the topic under consideration is due to the spread
of interethnic cooperation, whose representatives are faced with cross-cultural differences that affect the course of business processes.

   The research problem lies in the absence of a clear algorithm for supporting business in international trade through Internet technologies for countries with low-context and high-context cultures.

   The aim of the research is to study the differences in the use of Internet technologies in Russia and the United States through the context of cultures.

   To achieve the goal, the following tasks have been achieved: the essence of low-context and high-context cultures is highlighted; describes the contextual and cultural differences between Russia and the United States in the use of Internet technologies; examples of differences in the context of cultures in the business environment of Russia and the United States are given; an algorithm for supporting business in international trade by means of Internet technologies for the studied countries has been developed. In the course of the study, it was found that cross-cultural differences are an integral part of the organization of joint economic activities, since extremely favorable business communication, adjusted to the cultural characteristics of countries, allows for successful international cooperation.

   In conclusion, a conclusion is made about the importance of Internet technologies, which facilitate the process of mutual acquaintance with the cultural characteristics of countries.

   The article explains features of the digital sharing economy and its impact on the behavior of individual consumers and households. The authors come to the conclusion that in the process of spreading digital technologies, new forms of sharing have emerged, which are called the “sharing economy”. Digitization has made it possible to cover a wide range of shared resources (the technical aspect of sharing) and work outside of small groups and personal relationships (the social aspect of sharing). This two-fold digital transition to sharing has provided unprecedented efficiency in coordinating access to resources. New models and practices of division were created in the space between the traditional division, on the one hand, and the formal market economy, on the other; which led to the emergence of a new class of resource allocation systems, which are referred in the literature as the digital sharing economy (DSE). Digital platforms support all aspects of sharing, including search and match, distribution, transaction processing, and post-exchange activities such as providing reviews and feedback. From a social point of view, sharing platforms improve local interactions as well as allow for the formation of social bonds between spatially distributed communities. Mutual exchange practices, compensation-based sharing practices and paid services represent the spectrum covered by digitalization in terms of social practices. This spectrum fills the space between the pre-existing extremes of traditional sharing and the formal market economy.

   This article reveals the problem of managing the development of IT projects in the context of remote employment. This problem has become relevant for the whole world with the advent of the dangerous viral infection COVID-19. However, the information technology industry began using telecommuting tools long before the pandemic began. This trend was developed thanks to the emergence of the Internet, which destroyed the boundaries of hiring specialists in territorial restrictions. Indeed, in many areas of the IT industry there is no need to be directly in the office. With some analytics, the urgency of the problem of managing IT projects on a remote basis, the use of remote control of the development of IT projects in various large campaigns was revealed, examples of the use of certain technologies to solve the problem were given and some review was given on each of them. This will allow aspiring project managers to find solutions to situations related to managing an IT project on a remote basis. With greater efficiency to carry out planning, assignment of tasks and control over the project process and many of its aspects, as well as easily contact clients to discuss technical specifications.

   Today, the long-term competitive success of a company depends on its innovative activity, the main task of which is the development of a market niche and taking a leadership position. The development of the innovation process reflects the general state of the economy and is caused by socio-economic changes. The main background of these changes is the formation of a new corporate culture, order and methods of coordination and interaction between subjects of innovative activity. In this article the author discusses the phenomenon of innovative entrepreneurship, which is determined by the fact that it is one of the most important factors of sustainable economic development and life of any country and leads to an active search for new paradigms to cope with the constant changes in the era of integration and globalization of relations. The task was set and solved to establish such a relationship based on the results of applying a complex index known as the index of structural-dynamic analysis, which is known in the foreign literature as the “shift-share analysis” tool. The application of the method of structural-dynamic analysis to assess the competitiveness of regional economies will produce results that put those regions that have large or dynamically developing agglomerations in the lead. This will give grounds to recognize the importance of this organizational form of economic space for the formation of a critical mass of competitive industries.