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Kazan economic vestnik

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No 2 (2024)
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ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL ECONOMY

5-11 52
Abstract

   The tasks of optimizing the costs of large oil fields in the Russian Federation are particularly relevant today, including due to the high cost of produced oil and products, the remoteness of oil field facilities from each other, and the need to build long-distance oil pipelines in different climatic and territorial conditions. Long-term exploitation of the field leads to a decrease in the oil reserves, an increase in well operating costs and an increase in the water cut of well production. At the same time, the tasks of optimizing costs are especially relevant, effective assessment of the current oil field, identification of risks, and accounting for the workload of the field are important. The costs of reconstructing oilfield construction facilities make up the majority of all costs of large oil and gas enterprises in the Russian Federation. The author of this article has formed a sequence of actions when calculating integral indicators in the process of assessing projects (technical and economic), this toolkit will increase the efficiency of management decisions and improve the quality of work, it does not interfere with the process of subjective expert opinion. A two-level assessment – technical and economic – allows you to identify an effective project; at each level of this assessment, an integral risk assessment indicator is calculated based on the sequence of actions and analysis of data and assessment indicators.

MANAGEMENT

12-17 74
Abstract

   The article is aimed at studying the competitiveness of the organization in modern economic conditions. In the rapidly developing technological world, the question of competitiveness is always relevant. Each company strives to surpass its competitor, to be popular with customers so that they return to them and occupy a leading attitude in the market, which is especially relevant during of sanctions restrictions and search for a unique way of development.

   The purpose of the research is to study and compare various ways of improving competitiveness.

   The article considers ways, methods and algorithm of increasing the competitiveness, were analyzed terms definition. From a scientific point of view, the analysis of this topic contributes to an in-depth study of the factors that affect the competitiveness of the organization. From a practical point of view, the results obtained during the study can be realised in any company that seeks to be even more efficient. Analysis result was revealed the relationship between the paths, methodology and algorithm of competitiveness enhancement, on the basis of which the classification of approaches to increase competitiveness is defined, which includes an internal, external and holistic approach. The study presents a new look at ways to improve the company’s competitiveness.

REGIONAL ECONOMY

18-28 52
Abstract

   The article examines the volumes and main directions of modern educational flows at the regional level using the example of an analysis of students from foreign countries studying at universities in the Republic of Tatarstan. The main supplier countries of educational migrants to the Republic of Tatarstan are identified. The priority areas of study at Kazan Federal University (KFU) and the leading institutes of KFU in terms of the number of foreign students are highlighted. According to the data from 2021–2023, in the context of training areas and based on the geography of students, data on the preparatory faculty of KFU for foreign students was analyzed.

   The purpose of the study is to assess the contingent of foreign citizens studying in Kazan in the dynamics of admission in the context of the largest higher educational institutions of the city.

   When writing the article, methods of system-structural analysis and comparative analytical methods were used. The work used data from monitoring the international activities of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Tatarstan, data from the preparatory faculty for foreign students of KFU. The employment prospects of graduates in the labor market in the country after graduation, the flexibility of educational programs help to make a choice in favor of certain areas, for example, in KFU, the most popular choice is the medical and biological direction (more than 50 % of all directions).

29-39 44
Abstract

   This research analyzes the problem of assessing regional productivity at the expense of structural components using the example of the United States of America. In the modern world, “creative” industries have begun to play an important role in the economies of countries and territories, so it is very important to try to assess what economic contribution this factor makes to increasing labor productivity. This article attempts to use data from individual states and the United States as a whole for 2000–2023. with the help of comparative analysis, to assess the role of structural transformations of the “creative” economy for the implementation of economic policy.

   The purpose of this study is to try to adapt F. Santos-Arteaga, D. Di Caprio and M. Tavana’s methodology to assess the contribution of “creative” industries to labor productivity growth using the example of key US
territories.

   The main hypothesis is that economic diversification in favor of “creative” industries increases the efficiency of the region’s economy as a whole.

   The subject is structural transformations, problems of formation
of the regional gross product, changes in employment, the influence of “creative” industries.

   The expected results are new competitive advantages and positive economic consequences that the regional economy can acquire as a result of structural transformations.

40-45 44
Abstract

   This article explores new tourist and recreational zones in the experience economy, the main factors and development trends in the experience economy, the idea of the concept, the terminology and tools of the experience economy in relation to the tourist product are used. In the modern world, the main goods offered in the market of developed economies are not “ordinary” material commodities or services, but the emotions and sensations associated with them. Only a product rich in unusual sensations can be a source of true and lasting satisfaction for the consumer. Consumers, in particular tourists, will always choose emotions, and sometimes they are willing to pay many times more for this than for a regular service. Efforts to create unique experiences for tourists include not only various modifications of traditional travel packages, but also the search for new vacation destinations and new forms of tourism. It is revealed that the competitive advantage of hotel companies will largely depend on the impression made on the consumer, which will affect the position and success of the brand in the market. The analysis of certain types of tourism in which emotions play a special role and are gaining popularity as part of tourist experiences is carried out.

ACCOUNTANCY AND MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING

46-57 63
Abstract

   The article is aimed at updating approaches to predictive analysis of an organization’s financial performance in a dynamically changing business environment and demonstrates the potential for the applied use of econometric models of scenario forecasting under conditions of uncertainty. The methodological basis of scientific research is formed by approaches to building a simulation model of free cash flow (FCFF) of an organization using indicators from econometric analysis of data sets. The work mathematically formalizes the relationship between the resulting indicator and the model variables that determine changes in the object of analysis. The model variables are the components of earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT), income tax (Taxes), net capital expenditures (CapEx), depreciation costs of tangible and intangible assets (D&A), as well as changes in the company’s working capital (∆NWC). The limits of change in factor characteristics are based on a statistical assessment of their retrospective values during 2017–2023. In the process of simulation modeling, variation of a set of variables occurs using a uniform distribution law of a random variable. The formation of an array of simulation experiments serves as the basis for calculating indicators of descriptive statistics that characterize the empirical distribution of the object of simulation analysis, and allows us to give it a detailed qualitative description from the standpoint of interpreting the results of a parametric assessment of the risks of the financial and economic activities of an enterprise. A significant advantage of the considered approach to the use of simulation modeling is the disclosure of source data for multi-scenario forecasting as part of the organization’s public financial information, which determines the possibility of constructing a simulation model by external users of accounting (financial) statements, significantly expanding the range of subjects of economic analysis.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES

58-63 42
Abstract

   Artificial intelligence technologies are becoming increasingly widespread for solving production, social and other problems in all spheres of activity. In the Russian Federation, the development of artificial intelligence technologies is given special importance, including at the state level. This is explained by the wide opportunities that these technologies provide for improving the efficiency of organizations. The introduction of any new technologies leads to the need to restructure business processes. This necessitates the analysis of the potential benefits of introducing artificial intelligence technologies and comparing them with the size of resource costs. The specifics of the functioning of organizations in various sectors of the economy and spheres of activity explain the different levels of introduction of artificial intelligence technologies into their activities, as well as the features of their application. The article analyzes the use of artificial intelligence technologies in domestic organizations, analyzes the reasons for the spread of certain artificial intelligence technologies in various industries. Analysis of the features of various artificial intelligence technologies allows increasing the efficiency of their use in various organizations, as well as reducing the costs of operating production and management systems.



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ISSN 2305-4212 (Print)